Key words: Foucault’s History of Sexuality, Foucault’s Histoire de la sexualité, gay studies, Greek philosophy, pederasty, Plutarch’s Eroticus, Plutrach’s Amatorius, M. Foucault

This aim of this article is to reflect on Michel Foucault's reading of Plutarch's Eroticus in his Histoire de la sexualité, putting emphasis on the fact that, against what it is affirmed by the French thinker, the real debate is not, in the author's opinion, about true pleasure, that obtained by the erastés from his erómenos or that obtained by husbands from their wives, but the need to assign also love and friendship (éros kaì philia) to the conjugal love.